Translation and analysis of words by ChatGPT artificial intelligence
On this page you can get a detailed analysis of a word or phrase, produced by the best artificial intelligence technology to date:
- how the word is used
- frequency of use
- it is used more often in oral or written speech
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- usage examples (several phrases with translation)
- etymology
closely packed column - translation to russian
строительное дело
набивка фильтра
насадка скруббера(-абсорбера)
![Waterloo]].](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Monument Gordon 02.JPG?width=200 "Waterloo]].")
![Persia (Iran)]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Persepolis Colonne flandin.jpg?width=200 "Persia (Iran)]]")
![Parliament House]] in [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Riskdagen Eduskunta Helsingfors (2).jpg?width=200 "Parliament House]] in [[Helsinki]], [[Finland]]")
![A granite structure column by Hilma Flodin-Rissanen in [[Vyborg]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yksityiskohta.jpg?width=200 "A granite structure column by Hilma Flodin-Rissanen in [[Vyborg]]")
![Dragon pillar from the ''[[Yingzao Fashi]]'', [[Song dynasty]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/營造法式六 20.jpg?width=200 "Dragon pillar from the ''[[Yingzao Fashi]]'', [[Song dynasty]]")
![Illustration of papyriform capitals, in ''[[The Grammar of Ornament]]''](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The grammar of ornament (1868) (14587326250).jpg?width=200 "Illustration of papyriform capitals, in ''[[The Grammar of Ornament]]''")
![Illustration of various types of capitals, drawn by the egyptologist [[Karl Richard Lepsius]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Lepsius-Projekt tw 1-2-108.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of various types of capitals, drawn by the egyptologist [[Karl Richard Lepsius]]")
![Columns with [[Hathor]]ic capitals](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mammisi Philae2.JPG?width=200 "Columns with [[Hathor]]ic capitals")
![Papyriform columns of the [[Luxor Temple]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/The double row of columns with papyrus bundle capitals - The Court of Amonhotep III - Luxor Temple (14075179947).jpg?width=200 "Papyriform columns of the [[Luxor Temple]]")
![Minoan columns at the West Bastion of the Palace of [[Knossos]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Knossos 03.JPG?width=200 "Minoan columns at the West Bastion of the Palace of [[Knossos]]")
![Illustration of the end of a Mycenaean column, from the [[Tomb of Agamemnon]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EB1911 Capital Fig. 5 Early Greek Capital from the Tomb of Agamemnon, Mycenae.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the end of a Mycenaean column, from the [[Tomb of Agamemnon]]")
![Illustration of the [[Tuscan order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fotothek df tg 0001022 Architektur ^ Säule ^ dorische Ordnung ^ Brücke.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the [[Tuscan order]]")
![Illustration of the [[Doric order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/DoricParthenon.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the [[Doric order]]")
![Illustration of the [[Ionic order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ionic order J.L.Leroy.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the [[Ionic order]]")
![Evolution of the [[Corinthian order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Evolution of the Corinthian Capital 138.jpg?width=200 "Evolution of the [[Corinthian order]]")
![Illustration of the [[Composite order]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fotothek df tg 0001039 Architektur ^ Säule ^ komposite Ordnung.jpg?width=200 "Illustration of the [[Composite order]]")
![Praying Woman between two ionic columns, 2nd century, marble, in the [[Louvre]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Femme en priere entre deux colonnes ioniques - Louvre.jpg?width=200 "Praying Woman between two ionic columns, 2nd century, marble, in the [[Louvre]]")
![Byzantine columns from [[Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo]] ([[Ravenna]], Italy)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/SantApollinare Nuovo Pulpito marmoreo.jpg?width=200 "Byzantine columns from [[Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo]] ([[Ravenna]], Italy)")
![The capital of a Byzantine column from [[Hagia Sophia]] ([[Istanbul]], Turkey)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hagia_Sophia_(15468276434).jpg?width=200 "The capital of a Byzantine column from [[Hagia Sophia]] ([[Istanbul]], Turkey)")
![Gothic columns of a church from [[Neuwiller-lès-Saverne]] (France)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neuwiller StPierre-Paul 117.JPG?width=200 "Gothic columns of a church from [[Neuwiller-lès-Saverne]] (France)")
![Marienkirche (Gelnhausen)}} ([[Gelnhausen]], Germany)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Gelnhausen, Marienkirche, Südportal-20160804-007.jpg?width=200 "Marienkirche (Gelnhausen)}} ([[Gelnhausen]], Germany)")
![Column use is common in [[Ottoman architecture]], an example in [[Topkapı Palace]] ([[Istanbul]], Turkey)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/20131204_Istanbul_085.jpg?width=200 "Column use is common in [[Ottoman architecture]], an example in [[Topkapı Palace]] ([[Istanbul]], Turkey)")
![The [[Great Hypostyle Hall]] from [[Karnak]] (Egypt)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Great Hypostyle Hall.jpg?width=200 "The [[Great Hypostyle Hall]] from [[Karnak]] (Egypt)")
![Temple of Apollo in Delphi]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Columns of the Temple of Apollo at Delphi, Greece.jpeg?width=200 "Temple of Apollo in Delphi]]")
![St. Peter's Church]] ([[Mainz]], Germany)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rocaille detail in a column - St. Peter - Mainz - Germany 2017.jpg?width=200 "St. Peter's Church]] ([[Mainz]], Germany)")
![Bernini's Baldachin]], inspired by the original columns.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Solomonic columns at St Peters Vatican (cropped).jpg?width=200 "Bernini's Baldachin]], inspired by the original columns.")
![capital]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Colonne-p1040009.jpg?width=200 "capital]]")
![Tuscan columns can be seen at the [[University of Virginia]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Western colonnade at courtyard, UVa 2004.jpg?width=200 "Tuscan columns can be seen at the [[University of Virginia]]")
![Church of [[San Prospero]] ([[Reggio Emilia]], [[Italy]])](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/San prospero colonne reggio emilia.jpg?width=200 "Church of [[San Prospero]] ([[Reggio Emilia]], [[Italy]])")
![Construction of [[Sigismund's Column]] in [[Warsaw]], detail of the 1646 engraving.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Construction of Sigismund Column.JPG?width=200 "Construction of [[Sigismund's Column]] in [[Warsaw]], detail of the 1646 engraving.")
![Corinthian]] style, at the [[Temple of Bel]] (Syria)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Columns in the inner court of the Bel Temple Palmyra Syria.JPG?width=200 "Corinthian]] style, at the [[Temple of Bel]] (Syria)")
![The pillars of [[Bankstown Reservoir]] ([[Sydney]], Australia)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bankstownreservoir.jpg?width=200 "The pillars of [[Bankstown Reservoir]] ([[Sydney]], Australia)")
![Roman]] columns and capitals in the [[Great Mosque of Kairouan]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MosqueeKairouan 6bis.jpg?width=200 "Roman]] columns and capitals in the [[Great Mosque of Kairouan]]")
![Engaged columns embedded in the side walls of the [[cella]] of the [[Maison Carrée]] in [[Nîmes]] (France)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/France-002353 - Square House (15866951852).jpg?width=200 "Engaged columns embedded in the side walls of the [[cella]] of the [[Maison Carrée]] in [[Nîmes]] (France)")
Definition
Wikipedia
In chemical processing, a packed bed is a hollow tube, pipe, or other vessel that is filled with a packing material. The packing can be randomly filled with small objects like Raschig rings or else it can be a specifically designed structured packing. Packed beds may also contain catalyst particles or adsorbents such as zeolite pellets, granular activated carbon, etc.
The purpose of a packed bed is typically to improve contact between two phases in a chemical or similar process. Packed beds can be used in a chemical reactor, a distillation process, or a scrubber, but packed beds have also been used to store heat in chemical plants. In this case, hot gases are allowed to escape through a vessel that is packed with a refractory material until the packing is hot. Air or other cool gas is then fed back to the plant through the hot bed, thereby pre-heating the air or gas feed.
